Kentucky Wonder Tomato
and socio-anthropological Pratices agricultural Uri, Baramullah, Kashmir
Anthropological and socio-economic studies of agricultural development in Uri Tehsil of BARAMULAAH DISTRIC
Prof. Ghulam Mohyuddin Wani designed and developed developed the concept note that pass by the following team of experts and NGOs
S. No.
Name
Description
- Mr. Abdul Majid Tantray
Asstt. Prof.Extension (DEE)
- Dr. Raihana
Asstt. Prof. (Agronomy, DEE)
- Dr.Harinder Singh
Asstt.Prof. (Agronomy, DEE)
- Dr. D. Ram
Asstt. Prof. (Soil DEE)
- Ms. Nasrin Jahan
- Asstt. Prof (Home Science, DEE)
- Lady Farahnaz Rasool
Asstt.Prof. (Plant Pathology, EAD).
- Miss.Rafiya Munshi
SMS (Home Science, DEE)
Ms. Beenish Shakeel
SMS (Home Science, DEE)
- Mr. Mushtaq Ahamad
Photographer (DEE)
- Dr Sheikh Muzaffar
Prog, KVKBaramulla Coordinator
- Dr.SRSingh
- Asstt. Teacher (Pomology)
- Dr. Qazi Altaf Hussain
Asstt. Prof. FMAP
- Dr. Parveen Kousar
Asstt. Prof. (Olericulture)
Dr. MA Chatoo
Asstt. Prof. (Olericulture)
Dr. Tariq Ahmed Shah
Asstt. Prof. (Plant Pathology)
Dr Khurshid Ahmad
Assitt. Prof. (Plant Pathology)
- Mr.Muzaffar Hussain Dar
Uri Sdao
Mr. Mohd. Qasim
SMS, Uri
- Mr. Manzoor Ahamad
OAS Uri
MM Khan Latief
OAS, Uri
Ms. Tasneem Kousen
OAS Chandenwari
Singh Jatinderjit
Agric. Assitt. Boniyar
- Rafik Ahamad
Deptt. Fisheries
FSFisheries
Mr. Manzoor Ahmed Peer
HDO, Uri
Dr. Anwar Hussain
VAS, Uri
Mississippi Sudbo Kaur
LA, Uri
Aziz Assadullah
APO, the Aga Khan Foundation
Mr. Manzoor Moulvi
Farmer, Isham
Mr. Manzoor Ahmad
Teacher, Limber
Mr. Zahid Ahmad
Teacher, Limber
Mr. Gh. Qadir Dar
Master II Limber
Mr Ramzan Nazar
Farmer, Limber
Mr. Gh. Qadir Lone
Farmer, Limber
Mr. Hussain Syed Rafiq
Sarpanch Noorkah
36-59.
Isham Farmers Group (24 Rrespondents)
60-80.
Limber Farmers Group (21 respondents)
81-95.
Farmer groups Noorkhah (15 respondents)
96-110.
Group Chandanwari women (15 respondents)
I-Introduction
Uri is one of the tehsils of Baramulla district spread over an area of 25,192 hectares with a population of 104,159 people, comprising 54,989 men and 49,170 women. It lies on the north-western district of Baramulla, the 73rd in '18 E 59, 26 and divided into two blocks, namely Body: Uri and Boniyar have 33 halquas Panchayat with a number of 90 villages. The Tehsil is well defined in the sub-tropical and temperate agricultural climatic zones, where the average summer temperature reaches 360 degrees C and sometimes falls below 00 C in the subtropics. It is surrounded by high mountains and deep ravines, terracing and is one of about the border Tehsil LOC. Jehlum River that flows through the area and is the main source of energy Hydroelectric J & K State. The population is mostly located in mountainous terrain and dispersed in small villages with a population density is low and the connectivity of the road. Surface elevation varies from 1100 meters to 2200 meters. The farmers have small farms in these terraces.
The culture in the region is dominated by the growth of crops such as maize, rice, wheat, oats, legumes (particularly rajmash), as both the irrigated and rainfed agriculture. Among vegetables, as kharief Rabi and vegetables are grown in small gardens for domestic use only. However, the cultivation of peas and potatoes in some villages for commercial purposes has generated considerable interest among some farmers on the basis of their rich experiences. In general, the higher belts belts altitude less monoculture and dual culture is in practice in many places. Are high hills covered with pine trees and Deodar up and there is little vegetation of trees such as pears, nuts, peach, apple, olive oil, lemon and apricot wild fruit trees are so scattered and, as such, any garden can be seen in the region. They are also with any conception and poorly managed. The number of fruit trees (landraces and wild) ranged from 8.10 trees around the house waiting. Naturally Hickory High and neglected pear seen many in the region and people report the interaction of small profits.
The population livestock is to keep the won 1-2 (local / cross-bred cows, bulls, buffalo). Sheep, goats and poultry are raised at national level with local races and methods. The sheep have been reported and goats, 81,940 and 27,390, respectively, and most do not exceed the number of 3.4 persons per household. Improved Cross exists to some extent, only the sheep. Indigenous poultry birds in small numbers for domestic purposes is a common practice with some of the families peasant. Traditional method of beekeeping is still in practice in some villages people.
In general, people are economically late and the situation is aggravated by low productivity, unemployment and underemployment, lack of communication and basic services like education and health. Most people suffer from malnutrition and undernutrition and the group most affected are children and women. Most older women are illiterate who suffer from orthopedic problems, a lot. In addition, mothers do not have health related information, such as immunization program successful appropriate for their children.
II-METHODOLOGY
The reorganization of the extension system has led to the creation of three Atmas (agricultural technology and management organizations) in three districts and one (SAMET Management State Institute of Agricultural Extension training) in Jammu and Kashmir. The Director of Education SKAUST-K is also looking after SAMET director. To prepare the SREP zones agro-climatic conditions of the valley, training programs and implementation of ERP has been a feature Regular activities Samet. It is in this context that the Director Samet prepare a Strategic Research and Extension Plan (SREP) through PRA techniques in deputing multidisciplinary team of experts and scientists SKUAST-K for the Uri Tehsil of Baramulla district 16 to 21 July 2007. The team scientists and extension of education, agriculture, Pomology, Soil Science, Horticulture, Home Science, Plant Protection and Olericulture.
The team with the KVK program coordinator, subject to Uri Baramulla, July 16, 2007, Shalimar Campus and Uri start working on the task.
1. Building Report
For a brief idea on the weather conditions, natural resources, ecology, agriculture community needs and opportunities, etc. before making a plan PRS in the first team has visited every office Sdao, Uri Development Department.
A meeting was organized interaction with officers of field personnel and development departments, scientists, NGOs and local farmers and provided important information on the above issues. This meeting was also useful for determining the interaction of people representative of the PRA, according to agro-ecological situations. In each group of the village representative of farmers of all ages gathered in schools and central locations in villages and were taken into confidence during informal conversations. Some ideas were exchanged and the discussion gradually shifted to issues of agriculture allies. The groups have been convinced and need to share information easily.
2. The implementation of ERP
For the purposes of the SREP, the Tehsil is divided into three agro-ecological situations (AES) mainly on the basis of altitude, as tehsil. Uri belt consists of senior and visible low altitude with a pattern quite different culture.
Spain, the Agency has identified are different.
S.No.
Name
Location
Party Representative
Altitude
1
AES-1
Sub-tropical
Isham
1300 m
2
AES-2
Temperate
Limber
1800 m
3
AES-3
Sub-temperate
Noorkhah
1420m m
3. Transect Walk
After the selection of three representative villages team with the villagers had foot of each transect village to familiarize themselves with the resources of people and their limits.
4. Mapping
Some Farmers were asked to draw a map of each village, using materials like leaves, drawing pencils, erasers and other resources provided by staff. While others have been encouraged to make the amendment, which never felt the need. For the year the team achieved social and mapping the resources of the people.
5. Wealth classification
Wealth ranking has been direct and indirect questioning of farmers on the basis of raw / households month / without the offensive and therefore two income groups, rich and poor resources have been identified in each village. The number of low-income groups with limited resources and income not exceeding Rs 2000/month is the basis of the examination.
6. System existing production
For existing farming systems, farms with their contribution and their combination that followed been critically analyzed and identified. The cropping systems vary among agro-ecological situations.
7. Gap Analysis
Variance analysis was made based on the situation of agriculture based recommended the extension. The recommended practice was compared with existing practice and the extent of the gap assessment. The specific reasons for the issue of differences and farmers were encouraged to propose strategies to fill gaps. Based on the results above SREP has been made for the village representative.
III – GENERAL FUND REPRESENTATIVE
PEOPLES AND SREP
Isham Village
Resources (income groups)
S. No
The group income (Rs / months)
Number of families
Percentage
1
Up 8000
113
62.78
2
8001-12000
45
25.00
3
Over 12,000
22
12.22
Overall
180
100%
Wealth ranking
S. No
Category
Number families
Percentage
1
Disadvantaged
106
58.89
2
Rich in resources,
74
41.11
Overall
180
100.00
Business of the existing farming
S. No
Business
Number of households
Percentage
1
Agriculture
159
88.5
2
Horticulture
125
69.5
3
Livestock
122
68.0
4
The sheep
54
30.0
5
Raising poultry
104
58.0
Existing Farming Systems
S. No
Existing System Culture
Number of households
Percentage
1.
Agriculture + Horticulture Livestock
94
52.0
2.
Agriculture + Horticulture + Poultry Keeping
54
30.0
3.
Agriculture + Horticulture + Sheep
32
18.0
Overall
180
100.0
Contribution of different enterprises (%)
Company wise difference in the adoption and expansion proposals strategies in some villages
AES-1-Isham Village, 1300 m above sea-AMSL, Tehsil-Uri,
A) Agriculture
S. No.
Theme Package
Practices Recommended
Current practices
Adoption difference
Reason specific gap
Farmers offer extension strategies
1
Paddy
i
seeding
50-60kg/ha
100-120kg/ha
partial
The Cover cons availability of seed, water, algae and bird damage, etc.
Demonstration Cum Training farmers seed management own treatment and use of inputs for the manufacture of healthy nursery.
II.
variety
Shalimar Rice-1, K-39 Jehlum
Chinese variety K-39
Partial
"The lack of availability of seeds and technology varieties latest
Training cum-demonstration on the last outstanding rice varieties, the OFT on Basmati rice with success
III.
time of transplantation and method
appropriate time is May 25 to June 10, with 3-4 seeds per hill
First Semester June and 8.10 of planting plants / Hill
Partial
-For coverage of the population risk seasonal and more plants in the field
OFT-on planting dates for exact start of the week / date for the transplant and the number of plants
iv
Applying fertilizer (urea, DAP, MOP)
Urea-10kg, DAP6.5kg, MOP1.7kg / Kanal
Urea5kg and DAP5kg/kanal
Partial
-Lack of awareness on the use of balanced doses of fertilizers.
-Not available at the right time
Demonstration cum Training on the role and efficiency of fertilizer application.
v
Method of fertilizer application
Basal + strength Top
Using basal dose of fertilizer available only
-do —
-do —
-do —
vi
The insect and pest problems
IPM
Nil
Full
-Lack of awareness in IPM
"Facing the locust problem in most years
Training courses are organized to fight against insects and pests, particularly with reference to the grasshopper
vii
Disease problem
IDM
Nil
Full
"No knowledge of seed treatment and control measures of any disease
"However, a number of farmers event reported in some areas Blast
The training program orientation with respect to complex diseases cultures
Importance of seed treatment and method
-Application of chemicals for disease control
viii
Yield
3.4 quintal / Kanal
1.3-1.6quintal/kanal
Partial
Lack of awareness of general interest, training and availability of data on production technology of rice recommended status
Organize awareness workshops and training
2
Maize
i
variety
Manser, C-6, C-8
Local (franceces)
Full
-Unknown
Showing preference for white maize for food
Introduction and extension of the varieties recommended by the Training and Demonstration
ii
Seeding
1 kg / Kanal growing online and dissemination 1.5kg/kanal
4-5 kg / Kanal through its signal
Partial
"To ensure proper installation of the population
"The hard work More
Demonstration of the advantages of line sowing of crops is also possible to practice intercropping in the area
iii
Fertilizers
7 kg of urea, DAP 6.5 kilograms, 2.5 kg and 1 kg MOP ZnSo4/kanal
Urea only @ 2 kg / kanal knee high stage
Partial
Ignorance and non-availability fertilizers
Training in the use of fertilizers Growth and development
iv
Insect pests and diseases /
Ver cut corn borer control and sheath
Sowing the seeds of more than the recommended seeding rate
Full
I do not know the type and use of chemicals
Training in management / control insects and pests and diseases
v
Yield
2.5-3 q / Kanal
1-1.2 q / Kanal
Partial
Local crop varieties, not just pest control
Training Cum Demonstration improved variety of maize
3.
Wheat
i
variety
HS 240
Local
Full
-Unknown
Introduction and dissemination varieties recommended by the Training and Demonstration
ii
Planting density and the method
5-6 kg / Kanal in the sowing line
8-10 kg / Kanal through its signal
Partial
"To ensure a good plant population
– Lack Seed Quality
– No manual exercise
The demonstration of the benefits of increasing the seed line.
iii
Seed Treatment
Carboxin @ 2 g / kg seed
Nil
Full
-Unknown
Demonstration Cum Training the importance of seed treatment
iv
Yield
30-40 q / ha
10.12 q / a
partial
– Use of local seeds
– Culture is not popular, but growing, generally, for fodder.
The popularization of wheat as food crop and its capabilities in the rice-wheat system. The evidence must also be implemented in the system.
– Introduction of fodder crops (oats, Alexandria, etc.)
B) Horticulture
Pear apricot, cashew apple cold low, olive and lemon are grown in the region. Pears, apricots, blackberries, one month before the valley and seek higher returns for producers. Nuts for nuts areas are not the mark because of rising temperatures in maturity. The best quality Olive is grown in the region. Lemons are increasing in the areas below, but are of poor quality.
1
Walnut
S. No
Packages
Recommended
Existing
Variance (%)
Reason for gap
Farmers proposed strategy
1.
Variety
Hamdan Sulaiman or better clonal selection
Plants of origin
100
Non-availability of planting material and lack
Train some youth unemployed premises to establish the nursery.
2
Spacing
8 x 8
No systematic planting the garden
100
ignorance and earth rolling
—
3
Manure
20 kg / tree
Nil
—
ignorance
—
4
Fertilizers
Urea-3915g
DAP-1085g
MOP-2490g
None
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
5
Pests and diseases
Spraying insecticides and fungicides
Nile, but the walnut weevil is the main problem.
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
6
Irrigation
Required
No – Although many water available.
ignorance
Need for awareness program
2.
Pera
1.
Variety
Bartlett, Max Red Bartlett pear sand from China,
Bartlett, William Bartlett
50
The lack of subsequent introduction of
The introduction of high yielding varieties of color
2
Spacing
6 x 6
No systematic planting of orchard
100
ignorance and Rolling Earth
–
3
Manure
20 / Tree
Nil
—
ignorance
—
4
Fertilizers
Urea-1065g
DAP-650g
PR-1500G
Nil
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
5
Pests and diseases
Spraying insecticides and fungicides
Nil
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
6
Irrigation
Required
No – Although lots of water available.
ignorance
Need an awareness program
3.
Apricot
1.
Variety
Charmagz, Kaisa, sweet Gilgiti Amba Quetta Sukerpara
Unidentified Varieties
50
The lack of subsequent introduction of
Introduction Variety of High Performance
2
Spacing
6 x6
No systematic planting of orchard
100
ignorance this hilly terrain
—
3
Manure
10 / Tree
Nil
—
ignorance
—
4
Fertilizers
Urea-850g
DAP-325g
MOP-11250g
Nil
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
5
Pests and diseases
Spray insecticides and fungicides
Nil
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
6
Irrigation
Required
No – although plenty of water available.
ignorance
Need an awareness program
4.
Oliva
1.
Variety
Leccino, Coratina, Pendolino
Frontoio
Ramya, Nikitshaya
Leccino, Coral, Pendolino
Frontoio
50
The lack of non-oil high-yielding varieties like Ramya, Nikitshaya
Introduction of high efficiency oil
2
Spacing
6 x6
No systematic planting of orchard
100
ignorance and wavy territory
—
3
Manure
20 / Tree
Nil
—
ignorance
—
4
Fertilizers
1.2kgN
0.80kgP2O5
0.40 K2O
The application of N only in the form of urea
80
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
5
Pests and diseases
Spraying insecticides and fungicides
Nil
—
ignorance
Awareness Program Requirements
6
Irrigation
Required
No – although plenty of water available.
ignorance
Need an awareness program
There is a wild vegetation of the India Olive (Olea cuspidata) who can be rejuvenated by the work of top high-yielding varieties. Lemons grow in lower areas are of poor quality and there is a Kinnow good opportunity to introduce into the region for economic production. Allison Abbott and varieties of kiwi and day neutral berries of straw can also be introduced by crop diversification.
C) Vegetables
S. No
Packages
Recommended
Existing
Gap
Reason for gap
The farmers proposed strategy
Vegetables Kharief
1.
Kharif and plant varieties
Crucifers, cucurbits and beans Solaneaceous, etc.
varieties with high yield.
grow vegetables selected few as kale, cucumbers, squash, peppers, eggplant and tomatoes with potatoes from local seed
Partial
– Ignorance of growing vegetables using modern technologies
– The lack of improved varieties with high yield of vegetable seed
Awareness by organizing camps and training programs in Kharif vegetables
2.
Nursery growing vegetables
Open, warm bed and technologies Polyhouse
The growth of seedlings in open beds.
Partial
– Ignorance and lack of knowledge about other methods
The organization of training for nursery management vegetables
3.
Level of culture
Domestic and Name
Expanding only for domestic use in their court
Partial
– Ignorance of growing vegetables for regular use and commercial value
Expanding the care of the garden to provide fresh vegetables at home.
4.
Plant Protection
Seed treatment and IPM
Taking no action and the problems of protecting plants against cutworms, borers and wilting of Chile.
Full
– Lack of knowledge and method of controlling diseases and pests of plants
Demonstration cum training on IPM in vegetables
5.
The use of fertilizers and FYM
Use of fairly well decomposed FYM and balanced doses of fertilizers
FYM and using only a small amount of urea
partial
– Lack of knowledge and unavailability sets in.
Organizing a program management training integrated plant nutrient management
Rabi Vegetables
1.
Rabi vegetables and varieties
Roots, leaves, bulbs and tubers
Expansion, only certain vegetables such as cabbage, turnips and radishes
Partial
– In general, do not know vegetables and root vegetables do not grow well Rabi
Cum awareness program on culture Rabi vegetables
2.
Level of culture
Domestic and commercial
Expanding only for domestic use in their backyards
Partial
– Ignorance of growing vegetables for regular use and business value
Expanding vegetable for the provision fresh vegetables at home.
3.
Post-harvest
Several post-harvest technology of vegetables
After Only natural methods of sun drying on some vegetables
Partial
– Lack of knowledge on post harvest technology more
Training programs on post-harvest technologies can be organized.
D) livestock (cows, sheep, goats and poultry)
S. No
Item
Recommended
Existing
Gap
Reason gap
Farmers proposed strategy
1.
Race
1. Cattle
2. Sheep and goats
Metis
Metis
Local and mestizos
Local and mestizos
Partial
Partial
– Lack of structures and Amnesty International repeats heat in most animals
Lack of breeding rams
The intensification of cross-race program
Training Program in the organization of sheep and goats viable units
2
Feed
Ration of forage and concentrates
Enough fodder
Partial
ignorance on the feeding program
Training Schedule Feed
3.
Health
Regular dosage and immunization
Nil
Full
Lack knowledge on animal diseases and their control
Training Program in the management of important diseases such as foot and mouth disease in cattle, foot rot and skin problems in sheep.
4.
Milk Production
10-15 liters / day / cow
3.5 liters / day / Cow
Partial
local breeds and management
Awareness Camp at the science of breeding has increased yield and profits.
5.
Poultry
1. Race
2. Feed
3. Health
4. General Management
Broil (BOCOG), Vanraj
Recommends concentrate ration balanced by age and type
Determination regular vaccination
Recommends scientific practices
Local
Especially in household food waste
Nil
The practice indigenous methods (poultry)
Full
Full
Full
Partial
Ignorance and lack of availability of germplasm
Lack of knowledge about diet and its preparation
Lack of knowledge on poultry diseases and their control
Commercial poultry farms are expensive and risky
Introduction of new breeds like Vanraj etc.
Food Training Program for birds and feeding schedule
Training Program on management of diseases like Ranikhet and cocidiosis eminent etc.
The popularization of poultry through the establishment of demonstration units.
E) Scientific Home
The analysis of survey data reveal some useful results on gender statistics wise demographic, socio-economic source of income, employment status, literacy for education, conditions health, living standards, the state of agriculture, horticulture practices, veterinary services, etc.
Health status of women and the means available
Women at home in the survey reported that the house is not eligible health centers in the region must travel a long distance at the time of emergency or at Baramulla and Srinagar. It was also noted that women over 30 years were mostly illiterate and only some of them were unable to write their names. Women were not equipped with any information regarding health, although they did not know that the immunization schedule appropriate for their children. No professional help is available in the region to facilitate deliveries of pregnant women. Also known as the measures of birth control and the importance of balanced nutrition during pregnancy and lactation. Women over age 45 has suffered of bone and joint pain considerably. However, anemia and malnutrition is widespread among adolescents. In addition, some women are also complained of stomach problems. The percentage of diseases commonly found among different age groups of women in the village of Isham is given.
The health status of women in Isham (percentage of problems found)
S. No
Health Status
Women (group age)
5-20 years
20-35 years
Top 35
1
Normal health
50
35
40
2
Malnutrition and anemia
45
40
24
3
Orthopedic problems
2
25
65
4
Stomach
—
25
30
Health status and medical services for pregnant women earned
The survey reveals that only 15-20% of pregnant women seeking medical checkup hospital district, a remote area. The method of 24-hour food recall was also used to meet the nutritional intake of women, and found the diet of these women was too low as those recommended for the condition. leading various conditions, among them. An analysis of the data revealed that pregnant women and nursing mothers, and suffer from malnutrition, anemia and suffer various diseases by unhealthy diets
Analysis of the major nutrient Nursing Mothers
(Adults moderate work)
S. No
For mothers who breastfeed
K.cal
Protein (grams)
Calcium (mg)
1
Recommended daily allowances
2725
70
1000
2
The intake of nutrients / day
1945
43
685
3
Difference / Day
-780
-27
-315
The data analysis shows that feeding is taken daily to pregnant women essential nutrients is less ie780 K.calories carbohydrate and fat, 27 grams protein and 315 mg of calcium. A situation which led to the emergence of various gaps between them and the incidence of anemia and malnutrition are increasing daily in the region. These doses were found to be depleted due to poor selection of food staples in the daily routine of cooking methods and incorrectly used.
Education Facilities
The area has a Govt. school built by the Air Force in India and has a primary school. All 24 households visited, used to send their children to school irrespective of sex. However, we found that girls tend to interrupt their studies after Matric due to lack of available high school in the area and families do not prefer to send their patients to places away from school. Furthermore, a private school, also was present in the region. People also complained that the facilities have no tuition fees for their children.
Limber Village
People agile Boniyar block is one of representing the people of agro-ecosystems temperate conditions in the region at an altitude of 1800 meters. The village lies an area of 394 hectares of land and 170 hectares are devoted to different cultures, of which only 86 hectares have irrigation facility. The main source of irrigation is Limber Nala flowing through the village, if the remaining crop and area is rainfed. Due to the difficult terrain and lack of facilities Irrigation is largely mono-culture front. Maize is mainly grown as major food and rarely cultivated rice. The complex consists thirteen Empanadas (villages), seven above (chool, Saranwali, Bela, babagale, brren / Gujjar budrali, Langer) and six (Haran, shahkoot, Jamia Mosque, kharhar, Jungr, Suchin) in the lower parts of the front end. The number of households is 480, with a total population of 3277 persons consisting of 1830 men and 1447 women. 835 were categorized as schedule tribes. The size ranges of 4.12 family members per household.
Resources (income groups)
S. No
Groups Revenue (Rs / month)
Number of families
Percentage
1
Up 8000
411
85.63
2
8001-12000
23
4.79
3
Over 12,000
46
9.58
Overall
480
100 .00
Wealth ranking
S. No
Category
Number of families
Percentage
1
Disadvantaged
398
82.92
2
Rich in resources,
82
17.08
Overall
480
100 .00
Business of the existing farming
S. No
Business
Number of households
Percentage
Agriculture
412
85.83
Horticulture
91
18.96
Livestock
137
28.54
The sheep
63
13.13
Goat farming
91
18.96
Breeding birds
274
57.08
Beekeeping
46
9.58
Mushroom
48
10.00
Existing Farming Systems
S. No
System existing agricultural
Number of households
Percentage
1.
Agriculture and Livestock +
Farming of sheep / goat
423
88.1
2.
Agriculture + Horticulture +
Breeding birds
57
11.9
Overall
480
100%
Contribution of different enterprises (%)
AES-2-Limber Village, 1800 meters AMSL, Tehsil-Uri,
S. No
Theme Package
Best Practices
Current practices
Adoption difference
Specific reason for the discrepancy
Farmers offer extension strategies
A) Agriculture
1
Maize
i
variety
C-15
Local (Double and frame)
Full
-Unknown
Showing preference for white maize for food
Introduction and extension of the varieties recommended by the Training and Demonstration
ii
Seed Density
1 kg / Kanal online increasing and disseminating 1.5kg/kanal
5-6 kg / Kanal through its signal
Partial
"To ensure proper installation of the population
"The hard work More
The demonstration of the benefits of cultivating online planting is also feasible for the practice of intercropping in the area
iii
Fertilizers
7 kg of urea, DAP 6.5 kilograms, 2.5 kg and 1 kg MOP ZnSo4/kanal
Urea only @ 3 kg / Kanal high stage in his knee and DAP @ basal 1kg/kanal
Partial
The ignorance and unavailability of fertilizers
Training in the use of fertilizers for growth and development
iv
Insects / Pests and diseases
Ver cut corn borer control and the sheath
Sowing the seeds of more than the recommended seeding rate
Full
I do not know the type and use of chemicals
Training in management / control insects and pests and diseases
v
Yield
2.5-3 q / Kanal
2-2.2 q / Kanal irrigated and 0.7-1.0 t / rain Kanal
Partial
Local cultures and not only the pest, the damage caused by bears and monkeys
The Training Cum Demonstration of improved maize variety
2.
Rajmash
i
variety
Bountiful, Maestro, wonder Kentucky
Local (Choti Lal and Safed)
Full
-Unknown
Introduction and dissemination of recommended varieties through training and demonstration
ii
Seeding
Bush-type 4-5kg, polo-1.2-1.5 kg / kanal Seed Online
250g / Kanal in intercropping and 1kg/kanal unique culture through the dissemination
Partial
"More manpower
-Unknown
The demonstration of the benefits of increasing the line of seed is also possible to practice intercropping in the area
B) Horticulture
Walnut is grown only in those areas and have good quality because of lower temperature when mature and play an important role in the economy of the farmers in these areas. Although an apple and pear can grow successfully, but may not be the problem of marketing due to poor transport facilities.
S. No
Packages
Recommended
Existing
Variance (%)
Reason for gap
Farmers proposed strategy
1.
Walnut
1.
Variety
Hamdan Sulaiman or better clonal selection
Plants of origin
100
Non-availability of planting material and lack
Train some youth unemployed to establish local nursery.
2
Spacing
8 x 8
No systematic planting of orchard
100
ignorance and earth rolling
—
3
Manure
20 kg / tree
Nil
—
ignorance
—
4
Fertilizers
Urea-3915g
DAP-1085g
MOP-2490g
Nil
—
ignorance
Need for awareness programs
5
Pests and diseases
Spray insecticides and fungicides
Nile, but walnut weevil is the main problem.
—
ignorance
The program needs awareness
6
Irrigation
Required
No – although plenty of water available.
—
ignorance
Need for awareness program
C) vegetables
S. No
Packages
Recommended
Existing
Gap
Reason for gap
Farmers proposed strategy
Vegetables Kharief
1.
Kharif and plant varieties
Crucifers, cucurbits Solaneaceous and beans, etc.
varieties with high yield.
culture of only a few vegetables such as kale selected, cucumbers, squash, peppers, tomatoes and potatoes of local seeds to eggplant
Partial
– Ignorance the cultivation of vegetables using modern technologies
– Lack of improved high yielding varieties of vegetable seed
Organizing awareness camps and training programs in Kharif vegetables
2.
Nursery growth vegetables
Open, warm bed and technologies Polyhouse
Growth in open nursery beds.
Partial
– Ignorance and lack of knowledge about other methods
The organization program management training for nurseries Vegetable
3.
Level of culture
Domestic and commercial
Expand only for domestic use in their court
Partial
– Ignorance of growing vegetables for regular use and business value
Expanding care garden to provide fresh vegetables at home.
4.
Plant Protection
Seed treatment and pest management
Taking no action and the problems of protecting plants against cutworms, borers and wilting of Chile.
Full
– Lack Knowledge and method of controlling diseases and pests of plants
Demonstration cum training on IPM in vegetables
5.
The use of fertilizers and FYM
Using fairly well decomposed FYM and balanced doses of fertilizers
FYM and using only a small amount of urea
partial
– Lack of knowledge and unavailability of sets in.
Organizing a training program on integrated plant nutrient management
Rabi Vegetables
1.
Rabi vegetables and varieties
Roots, leaves, bulbs and tubers
Expansion, only certain vegetables such as cabbage, turnips and radishes
Partial
– In general, do not know vegetables and root vegetables will grow not well Rabi
Cum awareness program on culture Rabi vegetables
2.
Level of culture
Domestic and commercial
Expanding only for domestic use in their backyards
Partial
– Ignorance of growing vegetables for regular use and business value
– Production of seed potatoes can be practiced
Expanding the care of the garden for the supply of fresh vegetables at home.
Diversification by producing commercial seed, it can be demonstrated in the potato.
3.
Post-harvest
Several post-harvest technology of vegetables
After only natural methods of drying sun on some vegetables
Partial
– Lack of knowledge on post harvest technologies of several
Training Programs on post-harvest technologies can be organized.
D) Home Science
The health of women and means available
The level of health of the population as a whole was not satisfactory and women and children were most affected due to various disorders and disabilities. Women were not equipped with any information related to health, even they were unaware of the immunization program appropriate for their children. There was a primary health center, but there are no professional assistance in the region to facilitate deliveries of pregnant women and those who go to remote areas of surveillance medical emergency. In addition, knowledge of nutrition among women was also low. They had no knowledge of food selection high nutritional value in different physiological conditions. In addition, cooking practices used by them was also wrong that led loss of essential nutrients. Gaps are usually found among women in the front end are anemia, malnutrition, and arthritis. Are fully aware of the importance of balance in both the normal diet and other conditions as the standard of health is deteriorating day by day in the region.
The National Education
The area had a high school, college and several primary schools. There was also an installation of mobile schools in the region. The literacy rate was 60%, and no gender bias was observed among families to educate their children. However, here too the problem of abandoned even among girls was found after midnight or Matric due to the unavailability of the requirements for the university.
People Noorkah
The people Noorkah block Boniyar is one persons representing the sub-temperate agro-Eco – situation in Uri region and has been used to conduct PRA. The village is situated at a altitude of 1420m above sea level on the hill at the foot of the mountain and is the opposite side of the village in the Chandenwari Uri-Baramulla National Highway. River Jhelum which separates the two peoples. The village covers an area of 65 hectares and irrigated through Nilossa-Noorkah and general Noorkah Kul. Most cropland is irrigated and facilitate double cropping. Main Kharif crops are rice and maize, Rabi season, while in wheat, oats, Sarson and Alexandria are grown. The region has great potential to grow vegetables. Pears and nuts are the main area. The village consists four burgers (villages), namely Khurmjar, Sadat Mohalla, Mohalla Khan Mohalla Ahnger. The total number of households is 300, with a population comprised 2450 persons 1300 men and 1150 women. The size ranges from 4 family to 12 members, but on the strength some family members of the family exceeded 12 members.
About the Author
a long list enclosed at the top ghulam mohyuddin wani,majeed tantray,rehana khanth ,g m mir,and others enlisted in each section
weird lois?
Je connais quelques-uns: les ânes ne peuvent pas être pris au piège dans des baignoires ((Géorgie)) est illégal d'attacher une girafe à un poteau de téléphone ou à la lampe de rue ((Géorgie)) les monnaies ne devraient pas être placés dans les oreilles ((Hawaii)) Résidents mai pas de poisson à l'arrière de la girafe ((Idaho)) Il est illégal de traiter avec les chiens ((inconnu)) Il est une répétition inutile de conduire l'interdiction de l'avenue 23 ((Moline)) est interdit de manger de la pastèque dans le parc ((hêtre)) Les magasins d'alcool ne peut pas vendre le lait ((Indiana)) Le cheval est interdit de manger des bouches d'incendie ((Iowa)) Kisses ne devrait pas durer plus de 5 menuets ((Iowa)) Il est illégal de pêcher ouaouarons dans une parcelle de tomates ((Kansas)) klaxons de musique sont interdits ((RUSSLE)) est contre le droit de tirer sur une cravate police ((Kentucky)) chaque citoyen est obligé de prendre une douche une fois par an ((Kentucky)) Est-ce que quelqu'un sait autrement? ((Je me demande comment un avec le feu hyrant-manger des chevaux est devenu …))
J'ai favoris Alabama * LOL * Il est illégal pour un pilote les yeux bandés pendant que vous conduisez un véhicule. Dominos mai pas être joués le dimanche. Il est illégal de porter une fausse moustache qui provoque le rire à l'église. saunas sont contre la loi. Il s'agit d'un délit de tirer sur tout type de jeu d'un véhicule en mouvement, à moins que la cible est une baleine. Florida Women mai recevoir une amende pour s'endormir sur un séchoir à cheveux, comme le propriétaire d'un salon. Une loi spéciale interdisant aux femmes célibataires qui parachute le dimanche et ils risquent d'être arrêtés, amende et / ou d'emprisonnement. * Si un éléphant est laissé attaché à un parcomètre, la redevance de stationnement doit être payée comme vous le feriez pour un véhicule. Il est illégal de chanter dans un lieu public, tout vêtu d'un maillot de bain. Les hommes ne peuvent être vu en public dans tout type de robe sans bretelles. * Avez-vous des relations sexuelles avec un porc-épic est illégale. Il est illégal de skateboard sans licence. En ayant sexe, mais uniquement la position du missionnaire est légal. Kansas interdit de tournage lapins à partir d'un bateau à moteur. Louisiane est illégal de voler une banque, puis tirer sur le caissier avec un pistolet eau. Michigan Vous ne pouvez pas jurer devant des femmes et des enfants dans l'État du Michigan. Le Nebraska est illégal pour les propriétaires de bar à vendre de la bière, sauf s'ils sont en même temps de faire une marmite de soupe. New York, une amende de 25 $ peuvent être exigés pour flirter. Cette vieille loi interdit spécifiquement les hommes de faire demi-tour sur toute la rue dans le La Ville et de la recherche "à une femme de cette façon." Une deuxième condamnation pour un crime de cette ampleur demande que le mâle en violation d'être forcé à porter une paire «d'œillères de cheval» où et quand elle sort pour une promenade. Il est illégal de lancer une balle à la tête de quelqu'un pour le plaisir. Une licence doit être achetée avant d'accrocher ses vêtements sur une corde à linge. * La pénalité pour le saut d'un bâtiment est la mort. * Il est illégal de transporter un cornet de crème glacée dans votre poche, le dimanche, le Dakota du Nord de la bière et des bretzels ne peut pas être servi en même temps, dans n'importe quel bar ou un restaurant. Il est illégal de se coucher et dormir avec leurs chaussures. Ohio, baleines pêche illégale le dimanche. Il est illégal pour obtenir un ivrogne poisson. Texas: Il est illégal de prendre plus trois gorgées de bière à un stand. * Il est illégal de conduire sans essuie-glace. Vous n'avez pas besoin d'un pare-brise, mais ils doivent avoir les essuie-glaces. * Il est illégal pour un tournage un buffle du deuxième étage d'un hôtel. Il est illégal de lait de vache d'une autre personne. * Une loi récemment adoptée impose aux criminels de victimes de la criminalité donner 24 heures d'avis, oralement ou par écrit, et d'expliquer la nature des crimes commis. L'ensemble du Encyclopedia Britannica est interdite au Texas car elle contient des une formule pour la fabrication maison de bière.
Box turtles chowing on Tomato
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